Profit And
Loss
Important Facts
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1.Cost Price: The price at which an article is purchased, is called its Cost price.
Abbreviated
as C.P.
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2.Selling
Price: The Price at which an article
is sold, is called its Selling Price,
abbreviated
as S.P.
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3.Profit or gain: If S.P. is greater than C.P.,
the
seller is said to have a Profit or gain
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4.Loss: If S.P. is less than C.P. the seller is
said to
have incurred a loss.
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FROMULAE
1.Gain = (S.P.) – (C.P)
2.Loss = (C.P) – (S.P)
3.loss or gain is always reckoned on c.p.
4 gain % = {(Gain x100)/c.p.}
5.Loss %
= {(Loss x 100)/C.P}.
6.S.P. = {(100 + Gain %)/100} x C.P.
7.S.P. = {(100 – Loss %)/100} x S.P.
8.C.P. = { 100/(100 + Gain%)}
x S.P.
9.C.P. = { 100/(100 –
Loss%)} x SP.
10 If an article is sold at a gain of say, 50%,
then S.P. – 150% of C.P.
11.If an article is sold at a loss of any, 50%,
then S.P. = 50% of C.P.
12.If a trader professes to sell his goods at
cost price, but uses false weight, then
Gain % =[{ Error/(True Value)–(Error)}x100] %
1.I gain 80 paise on Rs. 80 May gain percent is:
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2.C.P. Rs.50 Profit Rs. 10 Find percentage of profit .?
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3.The sale price of an article including the sales tax
is Rs. 561. The rate of sales tax is 10% If the shopkeeper has made a profit
of 12%, then the C.P. of the article.
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4.A shopkeeper
expects a gain of 22 ½ %on his cost price. If in a week. His sale was of Rs.
400/-, what was his profit?
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5. When a commodity
is sold of Rs. 50, there is a loss of 2%. What is the C.P. of the commodity?
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6. By selling an
article for Rs. 1000, a man gains Rs. 15 Then his gain % is?
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7. purchased a
machine for Rs. 3,00,000 and spent Rs.5000 on repair and Rs.1000 on other
charges and sold it with 25% Profit At what price did he sell the Machine.
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8. A Sells an article
which csts him Rs. 500 to B at a profit of 20%. B then sells it to C, making
a profit of 10% on the price he paid to A. How much does c Pay B?
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9. A man buys a cycle
for Rs. 1500 and sells it at a loss of 15% what is the selling price of the
cycle?
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10. 200 oranges are
bought at the rate of Rs. 700 and sold at the rate of Rs. 48 per dozen. The
percentage of profit or loss is:
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11. A Shopkeeper
purchased 60kg. of potatoes for 360 and sold lot at the rate of Rs. 8. Per
K.g. what will be gain percent.
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12. The ratio of the
cost price and the selling price is 4:5 The profit percent is :
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13. If selling price
of an article is 4/3 of its cost price. The profit in the transaction is:
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14.A shopkeeper sells
one transistor for Rs.1000/- at a gain of 20% and another for Rs. 1200 at a
loss of 4%. His total gain or loss percent is:
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15.A property dealer
sells a house for Rs. 8,40,000 and in the bargain makes a profit of 5%. Had
he sold it Rs. 7,00,000, then what percentage of loss or gain the would have
made?
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16. A fruit seller
sells mangoes at the rate of Rs. 10 per Kg. and their loses 20%. At what
price per Kg. he should have sold them to make a profit of 5%?
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17. A man gain 20% by
selling an article for a certain price.
If he sells it at double the price the percentage of the profit will
be:
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18. If selling price
is doubled, the the profit triples. Find the profit percent.
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19.The C.P. of the
article is 40% of the S.P. The percent that the S.P.if of C.P is:
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20. 10% loss on
selling price is what percent loss on the cost price?
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Om Sri Ram
1.I gain 80 paise on Rs. 80 May gain percent is:
Ans. Gain percent = .80/80 x 100 = 1%
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2.C.P.
Rs. 50 Profit Rs. 10 Find percentage of profit .?
Ans.
Profit %=Profit/C.P x 100 = 10/50 x 100=20%
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3.The sale price of an article including the sales tax
is Rs. 561. The rate of sales tax is 10% If the shopkeeper has made a profit
of 12%, then the C.P. of the article.
Ans.
110% of S.P. =Rs.561
S.P.=Rs.
(561x100)/110 =51 x 10 =Rs.510
C.P.=Rs.
(100/112 x 510)=51000/112=455.36
Rounded Rs. 456.
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4.A
shopkeeper expects a gain of 22 ½ %on his cost price. If in a week. His sale
was of Rs. 400/-, what was his profit?
C.P.= (100/100+profit
x S.P.)
100/122.50 x 400
=40000/122.50=326.53
Profit = 400-326.53 =Rs. 73.46
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5. When
a commodity is sold of Rs. 50, there is a loss of 2%. What is the C.P. of the
commodity?
Ans.
C.P. = 100/98 x 50 = 5000/98 =Rs.51.02
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6. By
selling an article for Rs. 1000, a man gains Rs. 15 Then his gain % is?
S.P. =
Rs. 1000 Gain =15
C.P.=
1000 -15=Rs.985
C.P.=
15/985 x 100 =1500/985=1.52%
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7.
purchased a machine for Rs. 3,00,000 and spent Rs.5000 on repair and Rs.1000
on other charges and sold it with 25% Profit At what price did he sell the
Machine.
Ans.
C.P. = 3,00,000 + 5,000 + 1000=306000
Profit
25% i.e S.P.= 125% of Rs. 306000
125/100 x 306000 = Rs.382500
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8. A
Sells an article which costs him Rs. 500 to B at a profit of 20%. B then
sells it to C, making a profit of 10% on the price he paid to A. How much
does c Pay B?
Ans.
C.P. for B=120 Rs. For 500 = 120/100 x 500 = 120
x5 =Rs. 600
C.P for
C= 110 Rs. 600 = 110/100 x 600=660
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9. A
man buys a cycle for Rs. 1500 and sells it at a loss of 15% what is the
selling price of the cycle?
Ans.
S.P.= 85% of Rs. 1500 = 85/100 x
1500 = Rs. 1275
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10. 200
oranges are bought at the rate of Rs. 700 and sold at the rate of Rs. 48 per
dozen. The percentage of profit or loss is:
Ans.
One orange =700/200 =3.50.
S.P. of
one orange is Rs. 48/12 = Rs. 4
Profit
= .50 = .50/3.50 x 100 =100/7 %
=14 2/7%
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11. A
Shopkeeper purchased 60kg. of potatoes for 360 and sold lot at the rate of
Rs. 8. Per K.g. what will be gain percent.
Ans.
C.P. of one cage potatoes = 360/60=6
Gain%
2/6 x 100 = 100/3= 33 1/3 %
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12. The ratio of the
cost price and the selling price is 4:5 The profit percent is :
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13. If
selling price of an article is 4/3 of its cost price. The profit in the
transac tion is:
Let
C.P. is 4x and S.P. is 5x Gain = 5x – 4x=x
Gain %
is x/4x x 100 = 25%
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14.A
shopkeeper sells one transistor for Rs.1000/- at a gain of 20% and another
for Rs. 1200 at a loss of 4%. His total gain or loss percent is:
Ans.
C.P. of Transister 100/120 x S.P.
100/120
x 1000= 833.33%
C.P. of
2nd Transister = 100/96 x 1200 = 1250
Total
C.P. = 1000 + 1200=2200
Total
S.P.=833.33 + 1250 = 2083.33=2084
Loss %=
116/2200 x 100 = 0.72%
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15.A
property dealer sells a house for Rs. 8,40,000 and in the bargain makes a
profit of 5%. Had he sold it Rs. 7,00,000, then what percentage of loss or
gain khe would have made?
Ans.
C.P. = 100/105 x 8,40,000=800000
Required loss= 10000/800000 x 100=1.25%
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16. A
fruit seller sells mangoes at the rate ofRs. 10 per Kg. and ther b loses 20%.
At what price per Kg. he should have sold them to make a profit of 5%?
Ana.
80:10 = 105:x
X=
10x105/80 = 13.13
S.P. is
mangos per k.g. = 13.13 paise
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17. A
man gain 20% by selling an article for a certain price. If he sells it at double the price the
percentage of the profit will be:
Ans.
Let C.P. is x Then S.P. 20% of x
120x/100=6x/5 S.P. = doubled = 2x6x/5=12x/5 profit = 12x/5 – x = 7x/5
Profit
%= profit C.P x100= 7x/5 x 1/x x100= 700/5=140%
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18. If
selling price is doubled, then the
profit triples. Find the profit percent.
Ans. Let
C.P. is x and S.P. is y Then 3(y-x)=2y-x Therefore y=2x
Profit
(y-x)=(2x-x)=x
Profit %
profit /C.P x 100 = x/x x 100 =100%
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19.The
C.P. of the article is 40%of the S.P. The percent that the S.P.if of C.P is:
Ans.
C.P. = 40/100 x S.P. Therefore S.P.
5/2 x
C.P. = (5/2 x 100)% of C.P.=250% of c.p
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20. 10%
loss on selling price is what percent loss on the cost price?
Ans.
Let S.P. 100 Then loss =10 Then C.P. 100+10 = 110 Loss%=Loss/C.P. x 100= =10/110 x
100=9.09%
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